1. Spot colors and their characteristics
Spot color ink refers to a pre-mixed specific color ink, such as fluorescent yellow, pearl blue, metallic gold and silver ink, etc. It is not a CMYK four-color mixture, color registration means accurate color. It has the following four characteristics:
1. Accuracy.
Each type of color has its own fixed hue, so it can ensure the accuracy of colors in printing, thus largely solving the problem of color transmission accuracy;
2. On the ground.
Spot colors are generally defined by solid colors, no matter how light this color is. Of course, spot colors can also be screened (Tint) to present any shades of spot colors;
3. Opacity.
Spot ink is a kind of covering ink, which is opaque and can be covered on the ground;
4. Wide color gamut.
The color gamut in the color register is very wide, exceeding the RGB color gamut, not to mention the CMYK color space. Therefore, a large part of the colors cannot be presented with CMYK four-color printing inks.
2. Reasons for choosing color in color dot printing
In color dot printing, the characteristics of spot color inks are often used to select and use them. In general, it is generally used in two situations:
1. In order to print some visible light colors outside the color gamut of CMYK four-color printing ink on the printed matter. The color gamut of CMYK four-color printing ink is obviously insufficient compared with the visible light color gamut, and the color gamut of spot color ink is wider than that of CMYK four-color printing ink, so it can express many colors other than CMYK four-color ink;
2. To make up for the lack of printing technology. Due to the errors in the various processes in the overall printing process, equipment maintenance, operating environment, human omissions and mechanical wear, it is difficult to obtain flat and uniform dot colors when printing small dots below 153, we can use the same color The full version of the color registration (ie spot color solid) instead of small dots for printing, you can easily get a flat large area of ​​color. In addition, sometimes in order to be able to clearly express fine graphics, such as mixed-color graphics or thin lines with fine strokes, etc., spot colors are often used to ensure that fine lines can be sufficiently realistic and delicate.
3. Some issues that should be paid attention to when using spot colors before printing
1. Unification of spot color names.
In different software, the names of the two identical colors may be different. For example, FreeHand named PANIONEI IF5 as PANTIONE 1F5CVC. In this way, when the FreeHand graphic object is placed in PageMaker for typesetting, there will be three names for the same color, and three printing plates will be generated during color separation output, causing output errors. Therefore, if the data file needs to be used in more than two kinds of software, before the integrated color separation output, it must be noted that the use name of the same spot color must be unified. A more common method is to use the color name in the tight hair sorting software as the standard, and rename the same spot color as a unified name in the color palette of various software.
2. The angle of spot color screen.
In general, spot colors are printed in the field, and dot processing is rarely done, so the angle of spot color screening is rarely mentioned. However, when using a light-colored screen with color registration, there will be problems with the design and modification of the screen angle of the spot color dots. If there is a spot color with dots and the color printed by other dots has an overprint area, the angle of the spot color screen must be considered. At this time, if the screen angle between the spot color dots and the screen angles of other colors is less than 30 degrees, there will be moire caused by the screen hit; if the angles overlap, it will cause ink overprinting problems, which will cause printed products Severely distorted colors. In addition, the screen angle of the spot color is generally preset to 45 degrees in the software (45 degrees are considered to be the most comfortable angles for human eyes, so that the dots can be arranged at the same angle as the horizontal and vertical lines can be reduced The ability of the human eye to perceive dots.) If a two-tone image or data file has both four-color black printing (generally in four-color screen printing, the black dots are placed at 45 degrees, yellow is 0 degrees, (Magenta is 15 degrees, cyan is 75 degrees)) If there are spot colors, or there are more than two spot colors, they will be output at 45 degrees during color separation and screening, so when using a light screen for spot colors, if It may be overprinted with other screen colors, you must open the dialog box of software color settings or print settings during color separation output, and modify the screen angle of spot colors.
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