3500-5500 meters is very high altitude ( Very High Altitude );
Over 5500 meters is Extreme High Altitude.
Usually, most people reach the height of 2400 meters. There is no problem. If you exceed 2400 meters above sea level, you may suffer from Altitude illness!
The altitude of the mountains in the world is divided as follows: The main cause of illness is climbing too high and too fast; if sufficient time is given, the body can still adapt to the air pressure at high altitudes. Of course, this "adaptation" is also limited: after more than 5,500 meters, no matter how much time it takes to adapt, the longer it stays at this height, the worse the body will be, and the ultimate cause of high altitude deterrence (High Altitude Deterioration). The fact is: The place where people live on long-term earth is below 5,500 meters.
High Altitude Acclimatization
Because of the decrease in oxygen concentration at high altitudes, the body will undergo the following physiological changes to obtain enough oxygen:
· Breathing and deepening
·Pulmonary arterial pressure rises, forcing blood to flow beyond the usual low
Alveoli
· Make more red blood cells
·Manufacturing more enzymes that can release oxygen from hemoglobin (abbreviated as 2,3-DPG)
· Increased vascularity in skeletal muscles
· Plasma volume reduction
· Increase the number and volume of mitochondria
Increase the number of oxygenases
Alpine Adaptation Raiders
· Try not to go by car or plane to high altitude. It is better to start climbing below 3,000 meters (I believe friends who have been to Tibet or climbing should have a profound experience)
· If you are forced to take a bus or plane, do not overwork within 24 hours after you reach a high place. (For example, Gongga Airport in Tibet is about 3,500 meters above sea level. Special attention should be paid to this. Don't jump on the plane with great excitement. Call it - otherwise it won't take long before we cry and we can't cry!)
· Above 3,000 meters above sea level, the daily increase in sleep should not exceed 300 meters; at the same time every 2-3 days (600-900 meters), you should stay at the same height for one extra night.
·[Climb up to heights and go back to sleep in low places], can climb more than 300 meters in a day, but be sure to return to sleep
· If you have symptoms of alpine disease, do not continue to rise until symptoms disappear
·If it deteriorates, it should drop immediately
·Replenish moisture and drink at least 4-5 liters of water daily until the urine is clear or at least light yellow
· Most of the "sluts" who have been to Tibet say that the best day to go to Lhasa is to get a good night's sleep to adapt to the high altitude. In fact, during the day, relaxing activities are better than sleeping, because breathing function will slow down when sleeping. This exacerbates the symptoms of alpine reactions
· Food should be dominated by high carbohydrates. At this time, more than 70% of the calories should be derived from carbohydrates, such as rice, noodles, biscuits, etc.
· Avoid smoking, drinking and taking other drugs that have a repressive effect on the nervous system, such as sedatives, hypnotics, babitinates, etc.
Acute Mountain Sickness
More than 3,000 meters above sea level, 75% (Hey! Why am I not the 25%?!) people will have mild symptoms of acute mountain sickness (AMS): Headache, poor appetite (Anorexia), nausea ( Nausea), Vomiting, Fatigue, Weakness, Dizziness, Lightheadness, and Difficult Sleeping. It is very likely that it will be mistaken for a cold or a disservice.
The appearance of symptoms mainly depends on the speed of rise, height, and personal constitution.
The symptoms of mountain sickness should not continue to rise. If it is dealt with improperly or if it is lightly regarded as high altitude disease, it is likely to lead to more severe or even deadly alpine diseases such as alpine brain edema and alpine pulmonary edema.
Acute mountain sickness (AMS) response
· Stay in place to rest
Benefits: Can adapt to current height without wasting progress
Disadvantages: It may take 24-48 hours to get better and worse
Possible
· Immediate drop height
Benefits : Recover quickly (usually within hours)
Disadvantages: Waste of progress and withdrawal at night or in bad weather conditions
There will be difficulties
High Altitude Cerebral Edema
Alpine alveolar edema (HACE) is the most severe alpine disease. It usually occurs at an altitude of 4,300 meters above sea level: the brain does not receive enough oxygen to be damaged, and then it expands in the cranial cavity and the brain tissue is squeezed by the hard calvarium. Pressure eventually leads to death. The symptoms are: movement disorders and changes in mental state. However, it should be noted that patients with alpine brain edema may not have symptoms of acute mountain sickness at all and may not necessarily have headaches. This requires judgments by observing whether the companions have the following abnormal behaviors: such as unstable steps, frequent mistakes, etc.
·Ataxia: The coordination of the limbs is affected by the inability of the brain to work. To test if the movement is out of balance, place a heel close to the tip of the other foot and take a look at the "measured" straight line on the ground (the traffic police checks whether drunk driving also uses this method, huh, huh); the other method is to lie on the ground with the heel along another The lower leg slips. Under normal circumstances, the movement should be smooth. In serious cases, the patient has difficulties in tying shoes and even taking a cup. If there is movement disorder, it should be assumed that there is alpine brain edema.
·Change in mental status: If lost
Recall, hallucinations are even half-coma and stupor. It can be tested by repeating a paragraph and doing some simple calculations.
Remember! ! !
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