1, friction
Friction usually has both positive and negative effects, it has a positive one, such as the friction wheel, automatic table winding and the friction between the box, screw self-locking; the other hand, the friction will lead to mechanical transmission efficiency Reduce the wear and tear parts, thus affecting the timing. Common solution: to improve the lubrication conditions, according to different requirements, choose different lubricants; use gem bearings or gaskets; gear tooth surface conditions, including the use of scientific conjugate tooth profile and improve the surface finish, but generally The tooth surface is non-lubricated (in this case, the resistance of the lubricant may be higher than the friction).
2, temperature effects
First, temperature changes will work length of gossamer, while changing the inertia of the balance wheel, can directly affect the timing accuracy; Second, the temperature changes will affect the viscosity of lubricating oil, thus affecting the transmission efficiency Impact timing. This can take the following approach: the use of open bimetal temperature balance wheel hairspring system; the use of special alloy material hairspring and balance wheel, so that in the working temperature zone (8 ° -38 °) have a certain temperature compensation; using the speed of movement Needle temperature compensation. Standard lubricants, for extreme temperature conditions, such as the world watch Omega lunar surface, using no lubrication or solid lubrication.
3, gossamer balance
The general swinging gossamer, its center of gravity with the swing angle changes, under the action of gravity, it will have a position error. The solution is: adopted Breguet hairspring, the center of the contraction, the center of gravity does not change with the swing angle; the use of Phillips end of the curve cylindrical hairspring and up and down symmetry; the use of linear hairspring; history has been used spherical hairspring, superior performance, but technology is poor, rarely practical .
4, external influence
Is the impact from the outside of the watch , depending on the working environment of the watch. Often used measures are: shockproof design, waterproof design, anti-magnetic design, additional protection shell. Precision Nautical Clock often use universal joints, so navigation clock in the bumpy to be able to maintain the level.
5, speed needle
The speed needle is a kind of economic structure which is easy to calibrate. However, both theory and practice confirm that it will affect the isochronicity of the system and may also cause bit errors. These timing errors are relatively random in nature and can not be compensated or offset. The solution is: try to reduce the spacing between the inside and outside the needle; but the best way is no needle, adjust the inertia of the balance to adjust the speed, such as Rolex watch brand Mircro stella regulation system.
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