Printing Technology Terms Image Making Terminology (Part 2)

4.17 electronic screening The screening process of originals by a dot generator on an electronic color separation machine. The use of a laser beam for electronic screening is also referred to as laser screening.

4.18 Descreening The process of restoring a dot image to a continuous tone image.

4.19 Screens Screens are used to decompose continuous tone images into screenable copyable pixels (cells, cells).

4.20 halftone dot, screen dot A pixel that composes a dot image, and reproduces the shading effect of the original by changing the area and/or the amount of ink.

The 4.21 pixel picture element forms the basic unit of the picture. Through image decomposition, continuous adjustment effects are reproduced by the comparison of such image units and blanks.

4.22 Continuous Tone Continuous tone Hue value is a continuous gradient screen tone.

4.23 Halftone, screen tone The tone of the picture in dot size.

4.24 Dottone positive halftone positive Negative dot shades showing the picture image with dot size.

4.25 Halftone negative halftone negative Use the dot size to represent negative shades of the picture image.

4.26 color correction color correction In color image copying, the color reproduction of printing is closer to the manuscript correction process of the original.

4.27 revision retouching The process of trimming color separations to compensate for defects, improve tone reduction, and process the partial images.

4.28 masking In photolithography, masks are used to correct the color and tonality of the scene and to mask certain local processes.

4.29 mask Mask used in photolithography to correct the color, tone, or cover some of the local stencils, using photographic film or opaque cut film. 4.30 density (optical density) The characteristic measure of light absorbed by an object, ie, the ratio of the amount of incident light to the amount of reflected light or transmitted light, expressed as a decimal logarithm of the reciprocal of the transmittance or reflectance.

4.31 color density The density of a color picture, expressed as a decimal logarithm of the reciprocal of the transmittance or reflectance.

4.32 Contrast contrast The density difference between the brightest and darkest parts of originals and reproductions.

4.33 Level gradation The density level from the brightest to the darkest part of an image. 4.34 Tone tone reproduction of image information, an optical representation of a uniform brightness area. 4.35 tone value The measure of tone value. In printing technology, the degree and density of transmission and reflection are usually used.

4.36 dot cover area The sum of the pixel areas in a picture that is decomposed into pixels and non-pixels.

4.37 dot area coverage The ratio of coverage area to total area, usually expressed as a percentage.

4.38 Under color removal (UCR) In the four-color reproduction, when the three primary colors are used to restore gray and black, the proportion of the three primary colors is reduced and the black ratio is increased accordingly.

4.39 Under color addition (UCA) A process that increases the amount of basic color at dark shadows and increases image density.

4.40 Exposure Exposure of the photosensitive coating to light to obtain a potential or visible image.

4.41 development The process of visualizing the latent image formed on a film or plate by means of a reducing agent.

4.42 Fixing Fixing The process of removing the unexposed or unreduced material, such as silver halide, from a photosensitive coating by chemicals.

4.43 copy copy In the copying technique, the process of copying the image is performed by contacting the exposure film with a photosensitive material. Refers to the imitation and reproduction of the original.

4.44 electronic page make-up electronic page make-up The process of electronically combining text and image information into a full-page layout based on a pre-designed layout.

4.45 electronic image processing system The electronic image processing systeme uses electronic means to process images and textual information in an electronic format, and forms an integrated system of full page layout output.

4.46 Printing down The process of transferring the information of a negative or positive negative by means of contact exposure to a printing plate or other photosensitive material.

4.47 Pre-proof proofing Before proofreading and proofing, the basic color (toner, color film, etc.) of the simulated printing ink hue, or the electronic method is used to create a color sample on the screen in accordance with the color separation sheet for pre-separation of color separation. Tablet quality method.

4.48 color reproduction color rendition The relationship between the color reproduction of the original color and the reproduction color.

4.49 Chromatography uses standard cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks to superimpose the sum of color patches of various colors into different halftone dots.

4.50 color patch color patch with the ground and (or) mesh color block representation of the basic color and mixed color standards; plate printing can also be used as a mark of each color separation.

4.51 control strip Control strip consists of web, field, line and other measurements of the soft strip, used to judge and control copying, printing, proofing and printing information transfer.

4.52 transmittance transmission of the object. The radiant power transmitted by an object is divided by the total radiated power incident on the object, also known as the transmittance (equal to the inverse of the opacity).

4.53 opacity The opacity of the object. Opacity is expressed as the ratio of the incident radiant power to the radiated power passed (equivalent to the reciprocal of transparency).

4.54 Moiré Moiré Due to the improper arrangement of the dot patterns used in the various color versions, there are some undesirable patterns in the printed image.

4.55 Coating coating process on the workpiece, such as a plate coating.

Source: 21st Century Fine Chemicals Network