I. A brief history of China’s accession to the WTO
The English name of the World Trade Organization is Word Trade Organization, an international organization that aims to supervise world trade and promote the liberalization of world trade. Its predecessor was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which was founded in 1947. China is one of the founding countries of the General Agreement.
On January 1, 1995, the World Trade Organization’s WTO was formally established (the GATT ended) and a total of 104 countries have established founding members. China has also changed from the "reopening" negotiation to the negotiation of "joining the World Trade Organization" (referred to as China's accession to the WTO). In April 1999, during Premier Zhu Rongji's visit to the United States, both sides made significant progress in the negotiations on the issue of accession to the WTO. On November 7, 1999, President Jiang Zemin and Clinton again talked and decided to speed up the negotiation process. On November 15, 1999, the "century war" between China and the United States after the WTO accession negotiations finally came to an end. Now after two years of continuous efforts and negotiations with other member states, China's accession to the WTO will be just around the corner.
Second, the impact of joining the WTO on China's packaging industry
After China's accession to the WTO, China will become a member of the WTO agreement, and China's packaging industry will face new opportunities and challenges. From a macro point of view, accession to the WTO will undoubtedly improve the overall quality of Chinese packaging companies, and it is also an opportunity to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure. We should seize this rare opportunity, specifically in the following aspects.
1. Promote China's packaging industry to further mature
After China's accession to the WTO, it will introduce a good competition mechanism and management system, which will accelerate the formation of an effective competition in the Chinese packaging market, strengthen the integration with international standards and world trade, and then increase the overall level of China's packaging industry.
2. Improve the competitiveness of Chinese packaging companies
After China's accession to the WTO, China's packaging industry enterprises can use the WTO agreement to obtain universal, unconditional MFN treatment for general-purpose policies for developing countries. This will enable Chinese packaging companies to obtain and introduce the most advanced packaging technologies and packaging equipment, and reduce the Production and operation costs increase the competitiveness of Chinese packaging companies and products.
3. Good for Chinese packaging companies to open up the international market
China's accession to the WTO has opened the door to the world's packaging industry on the one hand, and we have also stepped into the door of the world packaging market on the other. China's packaging materials can also enter the international market to compete. At the same time, China's rising packaging machinery manufacturing industry will gain a lot of international market share.
4. Promote the Joint Development of Chinese Packaging Enterprises
Although Chinese packaging companies have achieved rapid development in the past decade, they are still relatively weak and scattered compared with international packaging companies. Although China's famous packaging manufacturer, Foshan Oriental Packaging Materials Factory, has entered the ranks of China's top 100 high-tech companies, its output and sales cannot be compared with foreign countries. Entering WTO not only gives us opportunities but also challenges us. The fierce competition after China's entry into the WTO will certainly change the small and decentralized "sparrow tactics" of the Chinese packaging industry, prompting more than 20,000 packaging companies to take the road of joint development.
III. Countermeasures after China's Packaging Industry Enters WTO
How to face the challenges brought by China's accession to the WTO? Although the packaging industry is different from the automobile industry, textile industry, telecommunications industry, and clothing industry, it also has to respond actively. The following countermeasures are proposed.
1. To update concepts and deepen reforms
It has been 15 years since China began negotiating the “re-entry†in 1986. However, most of us do not know much about the basic knowledge of the WTO, and we are not prepared for the spirit of joining the WTO. Therefore, updating ideas and deepening reforms are the first tasks to adapt to the challenges. We must establish the international market awareness and international competition awareness, as well as the world concept of legal system, heavy standards, and heavy credit. In addition to attaching importance to the packaging design and design of commodity packaging, we must also pay attention to aspects such as packaging safety, health, and intellectual property rights. Set off a new wave of "entry into the WTO."
2. To enhance technological innovation capabilities
Joining the World Trade Organization means that the door to the domestic market of our country must be opened, and the cold wind and cold rain outside it must be blown in, which will inevitably affect the flowers that have grown up in the greenhouse. Therefore, on the one hand, our packaging companies must deepen reforms and change mechanisms, on the other hand, we must also increase technological innovation capabilities, improve production efficiency and product packaging quality to meet the needs of the international market, and thus increase the competitiveness of the international market.
3. Joint development is the only way
In the "WTO Accession Strategy", Mr. Liang Renrong, a senior manager of the Hong Kong Management Association, proposed a "joint development" strategy. Needless to say, most of the more than 20,000 packaging companies in China are very small and face fierce competition after entering the WTO. Domestic companies will be polarized. Large companies have joined forces and small businesses have gradually been eliminated. The packaging industry will also take the road of joint development. In the alliance, the "core" and "center" should be avoided. The primary consideration is quality and price elements for greater development.
4. Strengthen international standardization of packaging
At the same time, the international standardization of China's product packaging still has a certain gap from the requirements of ISO, especially the implementation of quality standards such as ISO9000, environmental protection standard ISO14000, and safety standard ISO16000. The general lack of recycling labels for plastic packaging in China is a common example of beer bottle explosion accidents. In February 1984, China officially became a member of the International Organization for Standardization Organization's Packaging Technology Committee (ISO/TC 122), which created conditions for the implementation of international packaging standards in China. In the future, efforts should continue to be strengthened in this area.
5. Improve packaging bar code technology
The correct use of commodity packaging bar codes is a basic requirement for accession to the WTO and is also a need for a new round of commercial revolution, and it is an essential factor for international integration. At present, there are many problems in China's commodity packaging barcodes, such as product barcodes, code size, and printing position errors. Barcode color errors, use of code errors, refusal to read, misreading, etc., especially need to strengthen management.
6. Strengthen the international certification of product packaging
The product packaging entering the world trade market should generally have the certification mark of the international authoritative organization. Among them, the internationally recognized ISO9000, IS014000, ISO16000, and two-dimensional product barcodes are the most important international certifications in the packaging label. In May 1997, China and the United States signed a document to promote the use of QR code PDF417 (mini database), but the progress was not fast. In the future, while strengthening bar code management, we should vigorously adopt internationally-accepted two-dimensional bar codes to enhance product competitiveness and strive for more product packaging to obtain certification from international authoritative organizations.
At the "2001 Fortune Global Forum Hong Kong Annual Meeting" held in May 2001, President Jiang Zemin pointed out that after China's accession to the World Trade Organization, it will continue to vigorously develop international trade. The Global Forum also conducted extensive discussions on topics such as "China's Science and Technology Development after China's Accession to the WTO" and "China's Business Environment after China's Accession to the WTO." Therefore, we must pay close attention to the packaging work after entering the WTO and joining the WTO. All in all, in the international market, the first impression of packaging is very important, so after China's accession to the WTO, the packaging industry should work hard. China's packaging industry must take advantage of the accession to the World Trade Organization, and promptly seize the opportunity of more than 140 member countries of the WTO to gradually open up markets to China, deepen reforms, and develop packaging to create a new era of prosperity for China's packaging industry in the new century. . To make greater contributions to the development of human society and improve people's lives and packaging levels.
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