Not long ago, Chinese mountaineers once again put the five-star red flag on the top of the world, making the Chinese people proud. However, who knows, 28 years ago, a group of Chinese soldiers used their hardships to measure the accurate data of Mount Qomolangma -- 8848.130 meters.
How high is Everest?
On March 21, 1975, 38 surveying officers and soldiers and 11 local surveying and mapping workers set out from the base camp of Velvet Temple at an altitude of 5,400 meters, pushing the earth control network to the east of Rongfeng, Central Velvet and West Rongbu of the northern foot of Mount Everest. glacier.
On April 6th, the deputy leader of the Everest Measuring Team Chen Shunbin led six people. The ice rises on the sunrise and lies in the snow at night, risking ice cracks and avalanches, and passing through the first difficulty of the Mount Everest --- North Naturally, he completed the gravity measurement and aerial surveying at an altitude of 7050 meters.
On April 20, two Tibetan warriors from Pubu and Xu Dongsheng climbed a second difficult pass with the mountaineering team—the high-altitude tuyere.
May 27, 1975 is a day in the history of Chinese surveying and mapping that is worthy of permanent commemoration. The diary written by Wang Yuxi, who participated in Zhufeng mapping at the time, was the best witness:
At 10:00 last night, when the red signal flares fired at the 5400-meter camp illuminated the northern slope of the Long Marching Ridge and the dry ice tower in the Red Velvet Glacier, we were all struggling to get excited and sleepless. At 9:10, 3 of us marched in frost and climbed onto the ice to reach 1 o'clock in the west. I first used the instrument to check the West 2 o'clock, Yu Qiuqing's group went on, and then asked the West 3 o'clock step machine, He Jingming group on; West 4 o'clock, West 5 o'clock, Anxing Guo, Liu Sanfa they all up the mountain. Everything is in accordance with the requirements of the arrangement before bed last night, everything is ready, just wait!
At 9:30, I dialed the instrument and followed the blackened, stone-like place on the eastern side of Mount Everest to track the actions of the top players and constantly "live" their tracks. Hey! Go up, climb up the rock! 9 people, all the way to the west, are on the slope, their action is very difficult! Is there a snow slope ahead? Crossing to the north, steep, dangerous! Soon, there are tens of meters...
Time passed in one minute and one second. From time to time, three of us watched the recorded alarm clock and looked at the sun going west. Report your good news: Pandora, Solam Loeb, Dapingcuo, Luo Ze, Hou Shengfu, Ci Ren Duoji, Gongga Basang, Sangzhu, Abuqin and all 9 of their top players all reached the summit at 14:30. ! Finally, exciting news came from the walkie-talkie.
great! great! I am happy to jump. With a walkie-talkie, I excitedly reported good news to all points and issued instructions: “Notes from all points—all points are taken care that the summit has been successful. The team members are working at the top of the mountain. Please pay close attention to the Everest target, and seize the observations without losing time. Black is not allowed to go down!"
The mountain winds are getting bigger and bigger. We are staring at the eyes of the telescope and we are constantly shed in tears by the wind. We have to speed up the cycle of observation. At 18:30, I finally saw it. The landmarks on the top of Mount Everest, the upright red flags, and golden domes are on top of Everest!
We pressed the cheers in our throat. Quickly turn the theodolite, sighting zero direction, loudly read out the first string of data - 0 degrees 00 minutes 25 seconds! The mountain breeze before dusk whistled and cried with tears, and the temperature dropped rapidly. The two lines of nose that flowed out of the nostrils became hail, and at the time of the decisive battle, what could have managed it!
One test round and two rounds of measurement, we kept shifting the instrument and carefully observed it until the sun went down. At night, we finally got enough reliable data! His legs were soft, his back was sore, and his hands were made of wood, but the cheers buried in our hearts finally broke out. We have won! The history of Everest has been rewritten by us!
On July 23, 1975, the Chinese government authorized Xinhua News Agency to announce to the world that China's surveying and mapping workers accurately measured the highest peak of the world—the peak elevation of Mount Everest was 8848.130 meters. Prior to this, the height of 8862 meters of Mount Everest was measured by the Indian Measurement Team and calculated by the British after 5 years.
The accurate data of 8848.130 meters was observed by surveying workers at 10 triangular points from 7 to 20 kilometers from the peak of Mount Everest and 5600 to 6300 meters above sea level. The complete measurement of the position and elevation of the Mount Everest was completed. After the data, based on the Qingdao tide gauge station and the average sea level of the Yellow Sea, the maximum positive and negative errors were less than 0.36 meters after theoretical analysis, rigorous calculation, and repeated verification, after deducting the peak snow cover depth.
Take another step on the roof of the world
On November 29th, 1982, the brigade was honored by the Central Military Commission as "the Hero Mapping Brigade for Measuring the Roof of the World." Then they took this height as a starting point and stepped on the "roof of the world" to fill the gap between the large scale of Tibet and the electronic map.
The surveying and mapping brigade officers and soldiers traveled to 65 of the 71 counties in Tibet. On the snow-capped peaks of the icebergs, in the primeval forests, and in many uninhabited areas, they greeted the storm and scorned the “life exclusion zone†and stood proudly at “the top of the earthâ€. To seize the "commanding heights" of military surveying and mapping and create extraordinary performance. Over the years, 24 officers and men have left their lives in the ice peaks forever, and 78 comrades have been crippled by the public.
On August 16, last year, Tang Zunyi, an engineer, travelled from Soxian County in Tibet to Chiduo Township to perform a mission. The Jeep used to fall into a ditch of more than 50 meters due to sudden road collapse. Tang Zunyi, who was seated in the co-pilot position, had the opportunity to protect his valuable equipment and important information. He lost the chance to jump and made a heroic sacrifice, setting the coordinates of his life on the snow-covered plateau. He was only 39 years old.
Tan Qisheng, a senior engineer recognized by the Chinese surveying and mapping community as the "live map of Tibet," was an old mapping force with more than 30 years of military service, 28 years of party age, and more than 30 trips to the plateau. Last year, a newly-graduated student painted the river across the river as grassland according to the geomorphological features of the Qiantang grassland in no man's land in northern Tibet. Tan Qisheng at a glance saw the "flaws" and asked why. He came to the riverside of Nagqu and faced the icy water of the river, undressing and saying, "The surveying and mapping is to leave its own in untested land. Footprints.†Just like this, once and for a time, two glaciers returned to their place of residence. That night he launched a high fever and was sent to Lhasa for emergency treatment. The high fever has not returned, and he secretly left the hospital and put himself into a stressful job. in.
Team leader Wang Songxian has postponed the wedding on 5 occasions. This year he was nearly 40 years old. Just a few days before he loved his child, he received a notice that he had gone to the surveying area to perform surveying and mapping tasks. Faced with the inconvenience of the loved ones who did not take care of and the many difficulties that the child had after birth, Wang Songxian accepted the task hard. When a leader advised him to stay, he only said: The family needs me, but the work outside needs me more. Today, Wang Songxian, who still insists on fighting in the first line of mapping, has not seen a child who was born five months old, and sometimes listens to the voice of his wife crying in silence on the phone. He has no choice but to speak up. He owes his wife too much, too much!
Never shift "steel mark"
Old-fashioned equipment restricts the efficiency of cartographic mapping. In order to break this problem, five comrades in the high-tech development office took pains. 28-year-old Wang Jiandong led the research team and worked for one day. Sometimes he concentrated three meals a day into one meal. In the face of all the difficulties encountered in the study, he taught himself a variety of computer languages, went northward five times, went to Xi’an, Beijing and other places apprentice to study art. Hard work pays off, and he finally forged the X-3 plotter's directional manual automatic printing program for the first time. This achievement was promoted two years in advance. In that year, the brigade developed seven scientific and technological achievements such as a digital aerial triangulation system and a fully automated exhibition system, which were promoted and used in the entire military.
In order to complete the survey of GPS wire and military control points on snow fields more than 6,000 meters above sea level, Feng Xudong, Li Xiaocheng, Wang Renxiang and other old comrades who once measured Everest disregard frail health and take the initiative to ask for help. Once again, they will camp at an altitude of 4,500 meters. Departure, climb to more than 6000 meters above sea level. When they came to the bizarre ice Tallinn, low-lying areas, floating snow deep in the thighs, covered with ice cracks, ice lake; ice Tallinn crumbling, avalanches can occur at any time, the danger of alpine cold threaten their lives . At a distance of less than 800 meters, it took them nearly two days to get through. In the 48 hours of dealing with death, they were hungry and sip a dry food; thirsty, chewing a piece of ice; tired, everyone seizes the time back to back, squeezing, squatting, lingering for a moment, after several struggles, when they climbed to an altitude of 6000 Many of the comrades have little strength when they aim at the goal. However, they are like “steel marks†that never shift and nail themselves to the most needed places in the motherland.
From: Liberation Army Daily
How high is Everest?
On March 21, 1975, 38 surveying officers and soldiers and 11 local surveying and mapping workers set out from the base camp of Velvet Temple at an altitude of 5,400 meters, pushing the earth control network to the east of Rongfeng, Central Velvet and West Rongbu of the northern foot of Mount Everest. glacier.
On April 6th, the deputy leader of the Everest Measuring Team Chen Shunbin led six people. The ice rises on the sunrise and lies in the snow at night, risking ice cracks and avalanches, and passing through the first difficulty of the Mount Everest --- North Naturally, he completed the gravity measurement and aerial surveying at an altitude of 7050 meters.
On April 20, two Tibetan warriors from Pubu and Xu Dongsheng climbed a second difficult pass with the mountaineering team—the high-altitude tuyere.
May 27, 1975 is a day in the history of Chinese surveying and mapping that is worthy of permanent commemoration. The diary written by Wang Yuxi, who participated in Zhufeng mapping at the time, was the best witness:
At 10:00 last night, when the red signal flares fired at the 5400-meter camp illuminated the northern slope of the Long Marching Ridge and the dry ice tower in the Red Velvet Glacier, we were all struggling to get excited and sleepless. At 9:10, 3 of us marched in frost and climbed onto the ice to reach 1 o'clock in the west. I first used the instrument to check the West 2 o'clock, Yu Qiuqing's group went on, and then asked the West 3 o'clock step machine, He Jingming group on; West 4 o'clock, West 5 o'clock, Anxing Guo, Liu Sanfa they all up the mountain. Everything is in accordance with the requirements of the arrangement before bed last night, everything is ready, just wait!
At 9:30, I dialed the instrument and followed the blackened, stone-like place on the eastern side of Mount Everest to track the actions of the top players and constantly "live" their tracks. Hey! Go up, climb up the rock! 9 people, all the way to the west, are on the slope, their action is very difficult! Is there a snow slope ahead? Crossing to the north, steep, dangerous! Soon, there are tens of meters...
Time passed in one minute and one second. From time to time, three of us watched the recorded alarm clock and looked at the sun going west. Report your good news: Pandora, Solam Loeb, Dapingcuo, Luo Ze, Hou Shengfu, Ci Ren Duoji, Gongga Basang, Sangzhu, Abuqin and all 9 of their top players all reached the summit at 14:30. ! Finally, exciting news came from the walkie-talkie.
great! great! I am happy to jump. With a walkie-talkie, I excitedly reported good news to all points and issued instructions: “Notes from all points—all points are taken care that the summit has been successful. The team members are working at the top of the mountain. Please pay close attention to the Everest target, and seize the observations without losing time. Black is not allowed to go down!"
The mountain winds are getting bigger and bigger. We are staring at the eyes of the telescope and we are constantly shed in tears by the wind. We have to speed up the cycle of observation. At 18:30, I finally saw it. The landmarks on the top of Mount Everest, the upright red flags, and golden domes are on top of Everest!
We pressed the cheers in our throat. Quickly turn the theodolite, sighting zero direction, loudly read out the first string of data - 0 degrees 00 minutes 25 seconds! The mountain breeze before dusk whistled and cried with tears, and the temperature dropped rapidly. The two lines of nose that flowed out of the nostrils became hail, and at the time of the decisive battle, what could have managed it!
One test round and two rounds of measurement, we kept shifting the instrument and carefully observed it until the sun went down. At night, we finally got enough reliable data! His legs were soft, his back was sore, and his hands were made of wood, but the cheers buried in our hearts finally broke out. We have won! The history of Everest has been rewritten by us!
On July 23, 1975, the Chinese government authorized Xinhua News Agency to announce to the world that China's surveying and mapping workers accurately measured the highest peak of the world—the peak elevation of Mount Everest was 8848.130 meters. Prior to this, the height of 8862 meters of Mount Everest was measured by the Indian Measurement Team and calculated by the British after 5 years.
The accurate data of 8848.130 meters was observed by surveying workers at 10 triangular points from 7 to 20 kilometers from the peak of Mount Everest and 5600 to 6300 meters above sea level. The complete measurement of the position and elevation of the Mount Everest was completed. After the data, based on the Qingdao tide gauge station and the average sea level of the Yellow Sea, the maximum positive and negative errors were less than 0.36 meters after theoretical analysis, rigorous calculation, and repeated verification, after deducting the peak snow cover depth.
Take another step on the roof of the world
On November 29th, 1982, the brigade was honored by the Central Military Commission as "the Hero Mapping Brigade for Measuring the Roof of the World." Then they took this height as a starting point and stepped on the "roof of the world" to fill the gap between the large scale of Tibet and the electronic map.
The surveying and mapping brigade officers and soldiers traveled to 65 of the 71 counties in Tibet. On the snow-capped peaks of the icebergs, in the primeval forests, and in many uninhabited areas, they greeted the storm and scorned the “life exclusion zone†and stood proudly at “the top of the earthâ€. To seize the "commanding heights" of military surveying and mapping and create extraordinary performance. Over the years, 24 officers and men have left their lives in the ice peaks forever, and 78 comrades have been crippled by the public.
On August 16, last year, Tang Zunyi, an engineer, travelled from Soxian County in Tibet to Chiduo Township to perform a mission. The Jeep used to fall into a ditch of more than 50 meters due to sudden road collapse. Tang Zunyi, who was seated in the co-pilot position, had the opportunity to protect his valuable equipment and important information. He lost the chance to jump and made a heroic sacrifice, setting the coordinates of his life on the snow-covered plateau. He was only 39 years old.
Tan Qisheng, a senior engineer recognized by the Chinese surveying and mapping community as the "live map of Tibet," was an old mapping force with more than 30 years of military service, 28 years of party age, and more than 30 trips to the plateau. Last year, a newly-graduated student painted the river across the river as grassland according to the geomorphological features of the Qiantang grassland in no man's land in northern Tibet. Tan Qisheng at a glance saw the "flaws" and asked why. He came to the riverside of Nagqu and faced the icy water of the river, undressing and saying, "The surveying and mapping is to leave its own in untested land. Footprints.†Just like this, once and for a time, two glaciers returned to their place of residence. That night he launched a high fever and was sent to Lhasa for emergency treatment. The high fever has not returned, and he secretly left the hospital and put himself into a stressful job. in.
Team leader Wang Songxian has postponed the wedding on 5 occasions. This year he was nearly 40 years old. Just a few days before he loved his child, he received a notice that he had gone to the surveying area to perform surveying and mapping tasks. Faced with the inconvenience of the loved ones who did not take care of and the many difficulties that the child had after birth, Wang Songxian accepted the task hard. When a leader advised him to stay, he only said: The family needs me, but the work outside needs me more. Today, Wang Songxian, who still insists on fighting in the first line of mapping, has not seen a child who was born five months old, and sometimes listens to the voice of his wife crying in silence on the phone. He has no choice but to speak up. He owes his wife too much, too much!
Never shift "steel mark"
Old-fashioned equipment restricts the efficiency of cartographic mapping. In order to break this problem, five comrades in the high-tech development office took pains. 28-year-old Wang Jiandong led the research team and worked for one day. Sometimes he concentrated three meals a day into one meal. In the face of all the difficulties encountered in the study, he taught himself a variety of computer languages, went northward five times, went to Xi’an, Beijing and other places apprentice to study art. Hard work pays off, and he finally forged the X-3 plotter's directional manual automatic printing program for the first time. This achievement was promoted two years in advance. In that year, the brigade developed seven scientific and technological achievements such as a digital aerial triangulation system and a fully automated exhibition system, which were promoted and used in the entire military.
In order to complete the survey of GPS wire and military control points on snow fields more than 6,000 meters above sea level, Feng Xudong, Li Xiaocheng, Wang Renxiang and other old comrades who once measured Everest disregard frail health and take the initiative to ask for help. Once again, they will camp at an altitude of 4,500 meters. Departure, climb to more than 6000 meters above sea level. When they came to the bizarre ice Tallinn, low-lying areas, floating snow deep in the thighs, covered with ice cracks, ice lake; ice Tallinn crumbling, avalanches can occur at any time, the danger of alpine cold threaten their lives . At a distance of less than 800 meters, it took them nearly two days to get through. In the 48 hours of dealing with death, they were hungry and sip a dry food; thirsty, chewing a piece of ice; tired, everyone seizes the time back to back, squeezing, squatting, lingering for a moment, after several struggles, when they climbed to an altitude of 6000 Many of the comrades have little strength when they aim at the goal. However, they are like “steel marks†that never shift and nail themselves to the most needed places in the motherland.
From: Liberation Army Daily
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